I've come across a photo on a Japanese site showing details of a Japanese Navy Battleship 'showing the flag ' on a world cruise in the 1920s. The photo in question shows Japanese Naval Officers paying their respects at a Japanese naval war cemetery on Malta! Can anybody enlighten me as to what the Japanese Navy was doing in the Mediterranean in World War One? Were any other Japanese forces engaged outside the Pacific in WW1?
There were 12 Japanese destroyers in the Mediterranean based at Malta from 1917, helping the British on anti-submarine convoy duties (two British destroyers, Minstrel and Nemesis, were actually transferred to the Japanese Navy in 1917 as well, bringing the Japanese contingent up to 14). One Japanese destroyer was torpedoed (by an Austrian U-boat, oddly enough) and badly damaged, with dozens of fatalities:
Sakaki, damaged 11th June 1917, Eastern Mediterranean off Crete - torpedoed once by Austrian 'U.27'. On escort duty, her bows were blown off when many of the crew were forward in the mess hall; 68 men killed. She was salvaged and repaired.
Was the flag-showing cruise in the 1920s Crown Prince Hirohito's cruise of 1921? I only ask because he travelled aboard a battleship (Katori, escorted by her sister, Kashima - they were predreadnoughts, similar in design to the British King Edward VII class) and they stopped off at Malta on the way to Blighty (as well as several other British imperial ports and centres).
Digging a little deeper the cruise turns out to have been by the heavy cruiser Yakumo (built in Britain 1900) commanded by Vice Admiral Seizo Sakouji and carrying a large contingent of naval cadets. It was a little later than I thought as it weighed anchors at Yokosuka on March 5th, 1931 for Keelung, Bako, Hong Kong, Singapore, Colombo, Aden, Port Said, Napoli, Toulon, Marseille, Malta, Alexandria, Djibouti, Colombo, Batavia, Manila and Palau. Retuned Sasebo on August 16th, 1931. A number of the cadet crew later flew dive bombers at Pearl Harbour.
Further to the above I find that the Japanese destroyers in the Med recorded some 44 encounters with German and Austro Hungarian submarines in the Med. If any of these led to a sinking I don't have info.
U.27 was designed by A.G.Wesse of Bremen based on the UB-II class (Wesse also provided construction licences for similar boats to Sweden). It was one of the most modern boats in the KuK navy and took part in the battle of the Ontranto barrage in 1917. In 1918 it sank the British steamer SS.Anhui and the Destoyer HMS Pheonix. It was handed over to the Italians after the armistice.
Ah, interesting stuff, Centurion, cheers. Do you know what the tour was for? Was it just a flag-showing exercise?
Minor correction - although virtually all IJN warships at the turn of the century were built in Britain, Yakumo was one of the few that wasn't. She was built in Germany, a sister-less one-off. Another armoured cruiser that wasn't British-built was Azuma (built in France). The sisters Kasuga and Nisshin, also armoured cruisers, were built in Italy, but they were sort of 'bought off the shelf', having been constructed for Argentina, but then sold to Japan when the Argentinians found themselves strapped for cash...
No I don't know exactly what the cruise was for (although Fleet Training appears in the text) but judging by various photos of Japanese naval officers taking snapshots of each other at Pompeii, in Naples, standing in the amphitheater in Rome, visiting the Pyramids, Camel riding. attending receptions etc it looks like a large scale 'jolly'. There is a shot of some officers shaking hands with officials in the Italian Naval Ministry at a lunch. A number of Japanese and Italian oficers with sleeves enveloped in gold rings are present as is the Japanese ambassador (who became Japanese Prime Minister after 1945). One wonders if it was a cover for some Japanese - Italian pre Axis discussions.
Yes I slipped on the ship source - confusion comes from the fact that the Izumo was also on the cruise and she was UK built. These two ships were the largest in the Japanese training fleet.